A surge in norovirus cases has been reported across parts of the United States this winter, according to the latest data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The week of December 5 saw 91 outbreaks of the virus, a significant rise from the 69 outbreaks recorded in the last week of November.
Historically, the first week of December typically reports a maximum of 65 outbreaks. This increase signals a troubling trend in the spread of norovirus, especially as the winter season progresses.
Norovirus, often referred to as the “stomach bug,” is known for causing sudden vomiting and diarrhea, along with other symptoms like nausea, stomach pain, headache, body aches, and fever. Outbreaks of the virus commonly occur in places where people are in close quarters, such as schools, nursing homes, jails, and on cruise ships.
The CDC reports that norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, responsible for 58% of such infections each year. Approximately 2,500 norovirus outbreaks are documented annually across the country, with the majority occurring between November and April.
The virus spreads easily, with just a few viral particles enough to cause illness. Transmission often occurs through direct contact, such as sharing food, utensils, or surfaces contaminated by an infected person. Norovirus can also spread through food and water.
Symptoms typically appear within 12 to 48 hours after exposure and last from one to three days. While most people recover without complications, the virus causes an estimated 900 deaths and 109,000 hospitalizations annually, with those aged 65 and older being most vulnerable. It also leads to 465,000 emergency department visits, particularly among young children.
Although anyone can get infected, young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems are most at risk, primarily due to the danger of dehydration caused by vomiting and diarrhea. There is no specific medication to treat norovirus, so rehydration through fluids is crucial. Dehydrated individuals, especially children, should seek medical attention.
To protect oneself from norovirus, the CDC advises frequent and thorough handwashing with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds, especially before meals. Regularly disinfecting commonly touched surfaces is also recommended to reduce the risk of contamination.
As norovirus continues to spread this winter, staying vigilant and practicing good hygiene remains the best defense against this highly contagious virus.
