For individuals diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), shortness of breath during physical activity is a common struggle. However, regular exercise can significantly improve overall well-being and enhance the ability to engage in daily activities.
COPD is a progressive lung condition characterized by airflow obstruction, making breathing difficult. The disease can take several forms, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and is often caused by long-term exposure to tobacco smoke, air pollutants, and certain dusts. Approximately 16 million people in the United States are living with COPD, many of whom avoid physical activity due to anxiety about breathlessness. Unfortunately, this inactivity can exacerbate the condition, leading to a downward spiral of worsening symptoms.
Dr. Carolyn Rochester, a professor of medicine and director of Yale University’s COPD Program, emphasizes the benefits of exercise: “People can do more with less shortness of breath. It improves participation in daily activities and quality of life.” However, not all exercise approaches are effective. Starting an exercise program under medical supervision is crucial, and a structured program called pulmonary rehabilitation has been proven to assist COPD patients. Dr. David Mannino, co-founder and chief medical officer of the COPD Foundation, noted, “I can’t recall a patient who didn’t think pulmonary rehabilitation benefited them a great deal. Typically, they wish they’d done it years ago.”
Research supports the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation, demonstrating substantial improvements in endurance and quality of life. Participants in such programs often experience increased survival rates and fewer hospitalizations. Individuals can locate rehabilitation programs through online directories.
The Importance of Exercise
Exercise offers numerous benefits that enhance the ability to carry out everyday tasks, including walking, grocery shopping, and playing with grandchildren. Although exercise does not cure the underlying lung condition, it can improve breathing efficiency and make daily activities easier. According to Kerry Stewart, an exercise physiologist at Johns Hopkins University, aerobic exercise can enhance muscle efficiency in using oxygen, further facilitating movement.
Patients like Phyliss DiLorenzo, 66, from Jersey City, New Jersey, have experienced the positive impacts of an exercise regimen. Diagnosed with severe COPD in 2013, she struggled to walk to work but found that regular exercise improved her endurance, allowing her to resume her commutes. “I can keep up the pace, knowing I won’t get short of breath,” she says.
Personalizing Exercise Programs
It is essential for patients to consult their doctors to tailor exercise plans to their specific needs, as COPD affects individuals differently. Those with moderate to severe COPD may be referred to accredited pulmonary rehabilitation programs lasting four to 12 weeks. These programs, typically covered by Medicare and many private insurance plans, guide participants through exercises tailored to their fitness levels. Unfortunately, studies indicate that fewer than 5% of individuals who could benefit from such programs actually receive them, often due to a lack of information or access.
During rehabilitation, specialists assess fitness levels and monitor progress, gradually increasing exercise intensity. Kimberly Wiles, a respiratory therapist, highlights that the goal is to achieve incremental improvements without overwhelming patients.
Recommended Exercises
COPD patients are encouraged to engage in cardio exercise at least three days per week and incorporate strength training every other day. Aerobic activities like walking or riding a stationary bike help build endurance, while strength training enhances overall muscle function. DiLorenzo participates in cardio workouts three to five times a week, while 80-year-old Jean Rommes prefers using a NuStep seated elliptical machine.
By following a personalized exercise plan and participating in pulmonary rehabilitation, patients with COPD can experience significant improvements in their ability to perform daily tasks, ultimately enhancing their quality of life.